World Leprosy Day is observed annually in the last week of January. Six provinces in India remain classified as "leprosy endemic." Indonesia, India, and Brazil together account for up to 74% of new leprosy cases globally. India is among the top three countries with the highest number of leprosy cases. The World Health Organization classifies regions as endemic based on case detection rates. Leprosy remains a public health concern in several parts of the world. Health officials emphasize the need for continued awareness and treatment programs. The disease is curable with multidrug therapy. Public health campaigns aim to reduce stigma and improve early diagnosis. India has made progress in leprosy control over the past decade. However, challenges persist in rural and underserved areas. The government has launched initiatives to enhance healthcare access. Non-governmental organizations support leprosy eradication efforts. Awareness campaigns are key to reducing discrimination. Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection. It affects the skin and nerves. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. The disease can lead to permanent disability if untreated. Health workers face challenges in reaching remote communities. Social stigma remains a barrier to treatment. Public health officials stress the importance of community engagement. The situation highlights ongoing global health disparities. Efforts continue to improve leprosy care worldwide.